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    ExceptionHandler

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    An exception handler: given the request context and the raised error, return Some(response) to handle it or None to defer to the next handler. The explicit MoonBit form of FastAPI's @app.exception_handler(ExcType) — the None case stands in for "this handler isn't registered for that type".

    HttpException

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    pub(all) suberror HttpException {
      HttpException(status~ : Int, detail~ : Json, headers~ : Array[(String, String)])
    }

    An HTTP error a handler can raise to short-circuit with a status and body (← FastAPI's HTTPException). detail is any JSON (a string is the common case); headers are added to the response (e.g. a WWW-Authenticate challenge). Caught by the app and mapped to a response.

    CorsConfig

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    pub(all) struct CorsConfig {
      allow_origins : Array[String]
      allow_all_origins : Bool
      allow_methods : Array[String]
      allow_headers : Array[String]
      allow_all_headers : Bool
      allow_credentials : Bool
      expose_headers : Array[String]
      max_age : Int
    }

    CORS policy (← Starlette's CORSMiddleware). Origins, methods, and headers are allow-lists; the *_all flags open a dimension wholesale. Per the Fetch standard, allow_credentials forbids the * wildcard in the reflected Access-Control-Allow-Origin, so with credentials the request origin is echoed back instead.

    cors

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    fn cors(allow_origins? : Array[String], allow_all_origins? : Bool, allow_methods? : Array[String], allow_headers? : Array[String], allow_all_headers? : Bool, allow_credentials? : Bool, expose_headers? : Array[String], max_age? : Int) -> (((
    Request    ) -> 
    Response    ) -> ((
    Request    ) -> 
    Response    ))

    A CORS middleware for the given policy. It answers preflight OPTIONS requests (those carrying Access-Control-Request-Method) directly with a 204 and the negotiated Access-Control-* headers, and decorates every other cross-origin response with Access-Control-Allow-Origin (plus Vary: Origin, exposed headers, and the credentials flag). A request with no Origin, or one from a disallowed origin, passes through untouched.

    gzip

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    A GZip middleware: responses at least min_size bytes are re-encoded as gzip when the client sent Accept-Encoding: gzip and the response isn't already content-encoded. Sets Content-Encoding: gzip, updates Content-Length, and adds Vary: Accept-Encoding.

    The gzip stream is a complete RFC 1952 container — correct header, CRC-32, and ISIZE — around a real RFC 1951 DEFLATE payload: LZ77 back-references coded with the fixed Huffman table (deflate.mbt), so the body actually shrinks. Dynamic Huffman would tighten the ratio further and is the documented next step.

    http_error

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    fn http_error(status : Int, detail : String, headers? : Array[(String, String)]) -> HttpException

    Build an HttpException with a string detail — the common case — and optional extra headers. raise http_error(404, "Item not found") reads like FastAPI's raise HTTPException(404, "Item not found").

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